Toward the automatic deflection analysis in historic timber slabs by combining 3D point clouds and machine learning approaches

Pablo Sanz-Honrado; Rubén Santamaria-Maestro; J. Ramón  Aira-Zunzunegui; Paula Villanueva Llauradó; Luis Javier Sánchez-Aparicio

doi:10.3989/ic.7096

Autores/as

Pablo Sanz-Honrado Institute of Physical and Information Technologies Leonardo Torres Quevedo (ITEFI), CSIC https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1351-9411
Rubén Santamaria-Maestro Dept. of Construction and Technology in Architecture (DCTA), Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0141-2002
J. Ramón Aira-Zunzunegui Dept. of Construction and Technology in Architecture (DCTA), Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4598-5259
Paula Villanueva Llauradó Dept. of Building Structures and Physics, Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8090-1794
Luis Javier Sánchez-Aparicio Dept. of Construction and Technology in Architecture (DCTA), Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6758-2234

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/ic.7096

Palabras clave:

diagnóstico, escáner láser, inteligencia artificial, forjados de madera, nube de puntos

Resumen

Las nubes de puntos 3D son una fuente clave de información geométrica para el estudio y documentación del patrimonio construido, especialmente en la generación de planimetrías y modelos tridimensionales. Este artículo explora su potencial más allá de la representación visual, proponiendo una metodología innovadora para el análisis automatizado de deformaciones en forjados tradicionales de madera. La propuesta combina técnicas de inteligencia artificial, mediante el uso del algoritmo Random Forest para la identificación de los elementos constructivos, con algoritmos específicos orientados a la evaluación geométrica de las deflexiones de los forjados. La metodología ha sido validada en un caso de estudio real —el Convento de Gracia en Ávila, mostrando resultados prometedores y un alto grado de automatización. En conjunto, la investigación aporta avances significativos en el uso de las nubes de puntos 3D como herramienta de diagnóstico estructural en patrimonio arquitectónico.

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Citas

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