Textile structures. Architectural characteristics

Abstract

Textile structures are not usually dealt with as Architecture in specialised history or critical publications. Most available literature deals with technical aspects only, such as computations or construction details. But other characteristics, as those derived from the shape, the space and the relationship with the surroundings, are also essential. Some examples taken from experiments and studies conducted by researchers and existing buildings are commented here to illustrate those aspects. The basic principles were already present in the oldest examples, such as the tents of nomadic people and other construction types developed by folk architecture. The "Jaima" of the Tuareg and the catalán "envelat" or awning, show functional approaches adapted to the physical and cultural environment and solved with available materials and local technology. Other aspects noticeable in recent examples are related to the external shape and the inner space, lighting and transparency, structure and geometry or visual permeability and transition. Also relevant is how the relationship with nearby building is approached: as independent, complementary, modular-repetitive or free standing. These characteristics can serve as a basis to anal y se and design textile constructions in order to control the resulting form and the quality of the interior space.