Notes on watertight concrete and on its quality control

Abstract

Conditions to be met by fresh concrete, including Its setting process, to obtain waterproof concrete, are set down. The proportioning method, in terms of the interaction of the various components, are defined in terms of the necessary mix water to obtain a given consistency, and in relation to the aggregate proportioning. The action of the plastifying, fluidifying air entraining and waterproofing additives is described. These additives constitute the fourth component of concrete. Their influence adds the above mentioned properties to concrete, and corrects certain deficiencies of this medium. The author also emphasizes the need to control carefully the placing of the concrete at the site, as well as the mixing process. Curing and handling of the concrete are equally important, and should be precisely supervised. Reference is also made to the question of guaranteeing the quality of the concrete, when treated with waterproofing additives. This involves certain difficulties, and the author indicates possible ways of over coming them.