Recent advances in the design and calculation methods of stone columns. Part II: Groups of columns and secondary compression

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/ic.71912

Keywords:

stone columns, settlement, secondary compression, design, group of stone columns, soft soil, critical length

Abstract


This paper comprises recent theoretical advances for the design and analysis of stone columns. This second part comprises some comments about the estimation of column diameter, about groups of columns and about excessive settlements induced by soil secondary compression. The number of columns, if the area replacement ratio is kept constant, has a negligible influence on the settlement reduction and the column position has a small influence on the settlement reduction. The critical column length is about twice the footing width or diameter. The paper also shows the lower effectiveness of stone columns in reducing the settlements induced by soil secondary compression. When secondary compression settlements are expected to be important, soil overconsolidation by preloading is advisable.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

(1) Castro, J. (2020). Avances en el diseño y cálculo de columnas de grava. Parte I: Ejemplo de cálculo. Informes de la Construcción 72(560): e362. https://doi.org/10.3989/ic.71911

(2) Magnan, J.P., Droniuc, N., Canepa, Y. y Dhouib, A. (2005). Réflexions sur la conception des colonnes ballastées. Proc. 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. Osaka. IOS Press, pp. 1377-1380.

(3) Guzmán Rojas, D. y Samper Urbano, F. (2018). Métodos de diseño para columnas de grava bajo el cimiento de grúas portacontenedores. Ingeniería Civil 192/2018, 72-85.

(4) Serridge, C.J. (2013). An evaluation of partial depth dry bottom-feed vibro stone columns to support shallow footings in deep soft clay deposits. Tesis Doctoral. Cambridge: Anglia Ruskin University.

(5) Poulos, H.G. (2001). Piled raft foundations: design and applications. Géotechnique, 51(2): 95-113. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.51.2.95.40292

(6) Castro, J. (2014). Numerical modelling of stone columns beneath a rigid footing. Computers and Geotechnics, 60: 77-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2014.03.016

(7) Castro, J. (2017). Groups of encased stone columns: Influence of column length and arrangement. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 45: 68-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2016.12.001

(8) Priebe, H.J. (1995). The design of vibro replacement. Ground Engineering, 28(10): 31-37.

(9) Castro, J., Sagaseta, C., Cañizal, J. y Da Costa, A. (2016). Modelización de columnas de grava. 10º Simposio Nacional de Ingeniería Geotécnica. Sociedad Española de Mecánica del Suelo e Ingeniería Geotécnica. La Coruña, 19-21 Octubre 2016. Tomo II, pp. 567-588.

(10) Babu, M.R.D., Nayak, S. y Shivashankar, R. (2013). A critical review of construction, analysis and behaviour of stone columns. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 31: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-012-9555-9

(11) Castro, J., Miranda, M., Da Costa, A., Cañizal, J. y Sagaseta, C. (2019). Critical length of stone columns. Proc. 17th Eur. Conf. Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. 1-6 Septiembre 2019, Reykjavik, Islandia.

(12) Black, J.A., Sivakumar, V. y Bell, A. (2011). The settlement performance of stone column foundations. Géotechnique, 61(11): 909-922. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.9.P.014

(13) Hughes, J.M.O. y Withers, N.J. (1974). Reinforcing of soft soils with stone columns. Ground Engineering, 7: 42-49.

(14) McKelvey, D. (2002). The performance of vibro stone column reinforced foundations in deep soft ground. Tesis Doctoral. Belfast: Queen's University of Belfast.

(15) Muir Wood, D., Hu, W. y Nash, D.F.T. (2000). Group effects in stone column foundations: model tests. Géotechnique, 50: 689-698. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.2000.50.6.689

(16) Najjar, S.S., Sadek, S., Maakaroun, T. (2010). Effect of sand columns on the undrained load response of soft clays. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 136(9): 1263-1277. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000328

(17) Wehr, J. (2004). Stone columns - single columns and group behaviour. 5th Int. Conf. Ground Improvement Technologies, Kuala Lumpur, pp. 329-340.

(18) Zhou, H., Diao, Y., Zheng, G., Han, J. y Jia, R. (2017). Failure modes and bearing capacity of strip footings on soft ground reinforced by floating stone columns. Acta Geotechnica, 12: 1089-1103. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-017-0535-3

(19) Castro, J. (2016). An analytical solution for the settlement of stone columns beneath rigid footings. Acta Geotechnica, 11: 309-324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-014-0358-4

(20) Sehn, A.L. y Blackburn, J.T. (2008). Predicting performance of aggregate piers. Proc. 23rd Central Pennsylvania Geotechnical Conf., Central Pennsylvania ASCE Geotechnical Group, Hershey.

(21) Priebe, H.J. (1976). Abschatzung des Setzungsverhaltens eines dursch Stopverdichtung Verbesserten Baugrundes. Die Bautechnik 53(5), 160-162. Traducido al castellano como "Estimación de los asientos de un terreno consolidado con columnas de grava", Boletín de información del Laboratorio de Transporte y Mecánica del Suelo nº 116.

(22) Castro, J. y Sagaseta, C. (2009). Consolidation around stone columns. Influence of column deformation. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 33 (7): 851-877. https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.745

(23) Alonso Pollán, J.A. (2014). Diseño basado en técnicas de fiabilidad del tratamiento de mejora del terreno mediante columnas de grava. Tesis Doctoral. Madrid: Universidad Politécnica de Madrid.

(24) Sexton, B.G. (2014). The influence of creep on the settlement of foundations supported by stone columns. Tesis Doctoral. Galway: National University of Ireland, Galway.

(25) Sexton, B.G. y McCabe, B.A. (2016). Stone column effectiveness in soils with creep: a numerical study. Geomechanics and Geoengineering 11 (4), 252-269. https://doi.org/10.1080/17486025.2016.1151556

(26) Pugh, R.S. (2017). Settlement of floor slabs on stone columns in very soft clays. Proc. ICE - Geotechnical Engineering, 170: 16-26. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeen.15.00150

(27) Pulko, B., Majes, B. y Logar, J. (2011). Geosynthetic-encased stone columns: Analytical calculation model. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 29: 29-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2010.06.005

(28) Madhav, M., Suresh, K. y Peter, E. (2010). Effect of creep on settlement of granular pile reinforced ground. International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 4 (4): 495-505. https://doi.org/10.3328/IJGE.2010.04.04.495-505

(29) Alonso, E.E., Gens, A. y Lloret, A. (2000). Precompression design for secondary settlement reduction. Géotechnique, 50 (6): 645-656. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.2000.50.6.645

(30) Bhusan, K., Dhingra, A., Scheyhing, C. y Zhai, E. (2004). Ground improvement by stone columns and surcharge at a tank site. Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering, artículo 8.36. New York, 13-17 Abril 2004.

(31) Wiltafsky, C. y Thurner, R. (2008). Soil improvement by vibro replacement and preloading for the foundation of a shopping centre on weak marine deposits. Proc. 2nd Int. Workshop on the Geotechnics of Soft Soils - Focus on Ground Improvement. Leiden: CRC Press. pp. 429-434. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203883334.ch57

Published

2021-03-16

How to Cite

Castro, J. . (2021). Recent advances in the design and calculation methods of stone columns. Part II: Groups of columns and secondary compression. Informes De La Construcción, 73(561), e371. https://doi.org/10.3989/ic.71912

Issue

Section

Research Articles

Funding data

Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
Grant numbers BIA2009-13602

Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
Grant numbers BIA2015-67479-R

European Regional Development Fund
Grant numbers BIA2009-13602

European Regional Development Fund
Grant numbers BIA2015-67479